A car strikes a wall traveling 30. mph. The driver’s cervical spine (basically the neck) first stretches forward relative to the rest of the body by 0.010 m and then recoils backward by 0.020 m as shown below. Assume the spine can be modeled by a material with a modulus E = 10. GPa and a strength of 1.00 x 10² MPa. Will the maximum stress on the cervical spine during this whiplash portion of the accident exceed the strength of the spine? Assume a 0.15 m length of the cervical spine.

V = 30 mph V < 30 mph V = 0 T2 T3 After Stopping Before Stopping While Stopping