C1.1 The following extracts are typical of the annual reports of large listed companies. Which of these extracts satisfy the definition of ‘accounting’? What are the user needs that are most closely met by each extract?

(a) Suggestions for improvements were made by many employees, alone or in teams. Annual savings which have been achieved total £15m. The best suggestion for improvement will save around £0.3m per year for the next five years.

(b) As of 31 December, 3,000 young people were learning a trade or profession with the company. This represents a studentship rate of 3.9%. During the reporting period we hired 1,300 young people into training places. This is more than we need to satisfy our employment needs in the longer term and so we are contributing to improvement of the quality of labour supplied to the market generally.

(c) During the year to 31 December our turnover (sales) grew to £4,000 million compared to

£2,800 million last year. Our new subsidiary contributed £1,000 million to this increase.

(d) It is our target to pay our suppliers within 30 days. During the year we achieved an average payment period of 33 days.

(e) The treasury focus during the year was on further refinancing of the group’s borrowings to minimise interest payments and reduce risk.

(f ) Our plants have emission rates that are 70% below the national average for sulphur dioxide and 20% below the average for oxides of nitrogen. We will tighten emissions significantly over the next ten years.