EXERCISE 7–1 Using the income statement and balance sheets of Niagara Company below, prepare a statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, Year 9, using the direct method.

NIAGARA COMPANY Income Statement For Year Ended December 31, Year 9 Sales ...................................... $1,000 Cost of goods sold .................. (650)

Depreciation expense ............. (100)

Sales and general expense ..... (100)

Interest expense ..................... (50)

Income tax expense ................ (40)

Net income............................. $ 60 NIAGARA COMPANY Balance Sheets December 31, Year 9 and Year 8 Year 8 Year 9 Assets Cash......................................... $ 50 $ 60 Accounts receivable, net........... 500 520 Inventory................................... 750 770 Current assets .......................... 1,300 1,350 Fixed assets, net....................... 500 550 Total assets .............................. $1,800 $1,900 Liabilities and Equity Notes payable to banks ............ $ 100 $ 75 Accounts payable ..................... 590 615 Interest payable........................ 10 20 Current liabilities ..................... 700 710 Long-term debt......................... 300 350 Deferred income tax.................. 300 310 Capital stock ............................ 400 400 Retained earnings .................... 100 130 Total liabilities and equity ........ $1,800 $1,900 EXERCISE 7–1 An ability to visualize quickly the effect of a transaction on the cash resources of a company is a useful analytical skill. This visualization requires an understanding of the economics underlying transactions and how they are accounted for. Expressing transactions in entry form can help one understand business activities.

Required:
A schematic statement of cash flows is reproduced below. The titles of lines in the schematic are given labels (letters). Several business activities are listed below the schematic. For each of the activities listed, identify the lines affected and by what amount. Each activity is separate and unrelated to another. The company closes its books once each year on December 31. Do not consider subsequent activities. Use the labels (letters) shown below. Do not indicate the effect on any line not given a label. If a transaction has no effect, write none. In indicating effects for lines labeled Y and C, use a  to indicate an increase and a  to indicate a decrease. (Hint: Every activity with an effect, affects at least two lines—equal debits and credits. An analytical entry can aid in arriving at a solution.)
Schematic Statement of Cash Flows SOURCES OF CASH (Y) Net income ........................................................................................... (Y)
(YA) Additions and addbacks of expenses and losses not using cash.......... (YA)
(YS) Subtractions for revenues and gains not generating cash ................... (YS)
Changes in current operating assets and liabilities (CC) Add credit changes............................................................................... (CC)
(DC) Deduct debit changes........................................................................... (DC)
(NC) Add (deduct) changes in noncurrent operating accounts ..................... (NC)
Cash flow from operations Y YA YS CC DC or NC....
(DE) Proceeds of debt and equity issues ...................................................... (DE)
(IL) Increase in nonoperating current liabilities.......................................... (IL)
(AD) Proceeds of long-term assets dispositions ........................................... (AD)
(OS) Other sources of cash........................................................................... (OS)
Total sources of cash .......................................................................
USES OF CASH (ID) Income distributions............................................................................. (ID)
(R) Retirements of debt and equity ............................................................ (R)
(DL) Decreases in nonoperating current liabilities ....................................... (DL)
(AA) Long-term assets acquisitions ............................................................. (AA)
(OU) Other uses of cash................................................................................ (OU)
Total uses of cash ............................................................................
(C) Increase (decrease) in cash.................................................................. (C)
SCHEDULE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES (NDE) Issue of debt or equity .......................................................................... (NDE)
(NCR) Other noncash-generating credits........................................................ (NCR)
(NAA) Acquisitions of assets .......................................................................... (NAA)
(NDR) Other noncash-requiring debts............................................................. (NDR)
Examples:

a. Sales of $10,000 are made on credit.

b. Cash dividends of $4,000 are paid.

c. Entered into long-term capital lease obligation (present value $60,000).

Answers in the Form [Line, Amount]:

a. [DC, $10,000], [ Y, $10,000]

b. [ID, $4,000], [ C, $4,000]

c. [NAA, $60,000], [NDE, $60,000]
Business activities:

a. Provision for bad debts of $11,000 for the year is included in selling expenses.

b. Depreciation of $16,000 is charged to cost of goods sold.

c. Company acquires a building by issuance of a long-term mortgage note for $100,000.

d. Treasury stock with a cost of $7,000 is retired and canceled.

e. The company has outstanding 50,000 shares of common stock with par value of $1. The company declares a 20 percent stock dividend at the end of the year when the stock is selling for $16 a share.

f. Inventory costing $12,000 is destroyed by fire. The insurance company pays only $10,000 toward this loss, although the market value of the inventory is $15,000.
g. Inventories originally costing $25,000 are used by production departments in producing finished goods that are sold for $35,000 in cash and $5,000 in accounts receivable.
h. Accounts receivable of $8,000 are written off. There is an allowance for doubtful accounts balance of $5,000 prior to the write off.
i. Long-lived assets are acquired for $100,000 cash on January 1. The company decides to depreciate $20,000 each year.
j. A machine costing $15,000 with accumulated depreciation of $6,000 is sold for $8,000 cash.