8.25 Water flows in a horizontal 75 mm diameter pipe at an average speed of 5 m/s. The pressure at the pipe inlet is 275 kPa gage and the outlet is at atmospheric pressure.

(a) Determine the head loss in the pipe. Determine the inlet pressure needed to maintain the same flow rate when the pipe is aligned so that

(b) the outlet is 15 m above the inlet and

(c) the outlet is 15 m below the inlet.

(d) Determine how much lower the outlet must be to maintain the same flow rate is maintained if the pressures at both ends of the pipe are atmospheric (i.e., gravity feed).