Do you have any opinion on the physiological and psychological changes in this group of patients? Explain. (Note: A lower score on the PAIS scale indicates worse adjustment to illness.) 

Renal Disease

A study of psychological and physiological health in a cohort of dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease was conducted [7]. Psychological and physiological parameters were initially determined at baseline in 102 patients; these parameters were determined again in 69 of the 102 patients at an 18-month follow-up visit. The data in Table 6.12 were reported.

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Basoline (n=102) 18-month follow-up (n = 69) Mean Variable sd sd Mean Serum creatinine (mmo/L) Serum potassium (mmol/L) Serum phosphate (mmo/L) Psychological Adjustment to Illness (PAIS) scale 0.97 0.22 1.00 4.49 1.57 0.19 4.43 0.64 0.71 0.40 13.79 0.47 16.08 1.68 36.50 23.27