190 Benford’s Law of Numbers. According to Benford’s law , certain digits (1, 2, 3, . . . , 9) are more likely to occur as the first significant digit in a randomly selected number than are other digits. For example, the law predicts that the number “1” is the most likely to occur (30% of the time)

as the first digit. In a study reported in the American Scientist (July–Aug. 1998) to test Benford’s law, 743 firstyear college students were asked to write down a sixdigit number at random. The first significant digit of each number was recorded and its distribution summarized in the following table. These data are saved in the DIGITS file. Describe the first digit of the “random guess” data with an appropriate graph. Does the graph support Benford’s law? Explain.

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First Digit Number of Occurrences 123456789 Total 109 75 77 99 72 117 89 62 43 743 Based on Hill, T. P. "The first digit phenomenon." American Scientist, Vol. 86, No. 4, July-Aug. 1998, p. 363 (Figure 5).