A friend of yours claims to have extrasensory perception (ESP). You test this by creating a deck of 16 cards, half of which are red and the other half green. Sitting behind a partition, you hold up each card and ask her to guess the color. Assuming the probability of guessing the color correctly is 50%, you find she correctly guesses the color on 12 of the 16 cards.

a. State the null and alternative hypotheses (H₀ and H₁).

b. Identify the critical values for α = .05 and state a decision rule.

c. Make a decision about the null hypothesis.

d. Does the result of your analysis support or not support your friend’s claim?