As people do not agree on who are the most important artists of all time, one study examined whether textbooks written in English and French agree on who are the most important artists who were French born or spent a substantial amount of time in France (O'Hagan \& Kelly, 2005). To measure the importance of each artist, the researchers counted the number of illustrations of each artist's work that appeared in a sample of English and French textbooks; the artists were then rank ordered from highest to lowest based on the number of illustrations. The rankings of the top 16 artists are provided below. Imagine that the researcher hypothesized that the rankings of artists are similar for English and French textbooks.

a. State the null and alternative hypotheses \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{0}\right.\) and \(\left.\mathrm{H}_{1}\right)\).

b. Make a decision about the null hypothesis.
(1) Calculate the degrees of freedom \((d f)\).
(2) Set alpha \((\alpha)\), identify the critical values, and state a decision rule.
(3) Calculate a statistic: Spearman rank-order correlation \(\left(r_{s}\right)\).
(4) Make a decision whether to reject the null hypothesis.
(5) Determine the level of significance.
(6) Calculate a measure of effect size \(\left(r_{s}^{2}\right)\).

c. Draw a conclusion from the analysis.

d. Relate the result of the analysis to the research hypothesis.

Transcribed Image Text:

Artist English Textbooks French Textbooks Artist English Textbooks French Textbooks Picasso Matisse Cezanne Manet Monet Braque van Gogh Gauguin 123456 N 1 Degas 9 10 2 Renoir 10 9 3 Duchamp 11 16 6 Courbet 12 11 4 Miro 13 15 15 7.5 Seurat 14 14 7 5 Leger 15 12 8 7.5 Toulouse-Lautrec 16 13 22