For each of the following situations, calculate the degrees of freedom (df), identify the critical values (assume

α = .05 [two-tailed]), calculate the standard error of the mean (s_X̅), calculate the t-statistic (t), make a decision about the null hypothesis, and indicate the level of significance.

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a. X=16.75;u=12.75; s= 4.00; N = 11 b. x 3.27;u=2.98; s = 1.73; N = 27 = c. X 7.82;u=10.56; s = 5.2; N = 19