To test the assumption that sleep deprivation impacts aggression, a group of volunteer flight attendants were randomly assigned to sleep deprivation periods of 0, 6, 12, and 18 hours, and then tested for aggressive behaviors in a controlled work environment involv-ing pilots and passengers. The researchers operationally defined aggressive behaviors as verbal “put downs,” getting into an argument, or verbal interruptions. The researchers then observed the flight attendants’ behavior as they interacted with pilots and passen-gers during the study period and recorded the total number of aggressive behaviors. A copy of the corresponding data set is given in the file Ch_9 Example 9.1 Data.

(a) Write the overall research question.

(b) Determine the overall factor and corresponding levels.

(c) Explain why the study’s data should be analyzed using ANOVA.

(d) Determine the group means, assess if the F ratio from the ANOVA results will be statistically significant, and ex-plain the reason(s) for your assessment.