Exhaust gases from a manufacturing plant are being discharged through a 10-m-tall exhaust stack with outer diameter of 1 m. The exhaust gases are discharged at a rate of 0.125 kg/s, while temperature drop between inlet and exit of the exhaust stack is 30°C, and the constant pressure-specific heat of the exhaust gases is 1600 J/kg.K. On a particular calm day, the surrounding quiescent air temperature is 33°C. Solar radiation is incident on the exhaust stack outer surface at a rate of 500 W/m2, and both the emissivity and solar absorptivity of the outer surface are 0.9. Determine the exhaust stack outer surface temperature. Assume the film temperature is 60°C.

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Exhaust gases az = E= 0.9 Exhaust Alr, 33°C stack L= 10 m Tin - Tout = 30°C Manufacturing plant