Departmental costs may be out of control if (1) the variance is outside specified limits, or (2) the number of successive observations, above or below expected costs, is excessive. The binomial distribution can be used as a basis for determining what is or is not excessive. If we assume that the probability of being either above or below budgeted costs is 0.50, then the probability of n successive observations of actual costs being greater than budgeted costs is 0.50n

. What is the probability of observing six successive periods in which actual costs are greater than budgeted costs?