Thinking through what you know about job enrichment, job enlargement, job rotation, and employee involvement and work teams, what job redesign techniques would you recommend for these jobs?

1.. Metal Works: Basic metal skills include filing, thread cutting, and swaging; bending, folding, and rolling a steel plate; and basic cutting skills (hacksaw, guillotine, punching, and casting). More advanced metal skills include machining skills (milling, drilling, and grinding), and assembly skills (welding, brazing, soldering, and riveting). The basic skills require some practice to master but can become monotonous over time. The more advanced skills require extensive training and practice. New yacht builds and new yacht interiors involve extensive basic and advanced metal works, whereas the amount of metal work required for restoration projects varies by project.

2.. Wood Works: Basic wood skills include nailing in wood, shortening wood, sawing with a bandsaw, planing wood manually and mechanically, placing wood screws, sanding wood mechanically, and wood picking skills (choosing timber).

Advanced wood skills include preparing wood, ordering wood, shaping wood with steam and heat-forming, assembling wood, carving wood, sail-making, and ropeworks. The basic wood skills require some practice to master but can become monotonous over time. The more advanced wood works require extensive training and practice. Restoration projects rely heavily on wood works, whereas the amount of wood work and amount of skill required for new yacht builds and new yacht interiors varies by project.

3.. Yardhand: Skills included in this job are maintaining a safe and clean working environment, tool maintenance, making blocks, operating a pendulum, and splicing steel wire. Additional boat skills include determining dimensions for restorations, drawing the ship’s frame plan, building models, determining the lines of the boat, measuring the dimensions of the boat, and taking moulds of a boat. The basic boat skills require some training and practice to master and are usually done under the supervision of the Metal Works or Wood Works experts. The Yardhand job also involves going back and forth between the Metal Works and Wood Works jobs to coordinate timelines and handoffs between metal and wood tasks. At times, the Yardhand job is independent

(such as making models or conducting measurements); at other times, it is assisting Metal or Wood Works; and the remaining time is spent tidying the work environment and maintaining tools.

4.. Sales Representative: Skills in this job include talking to customers, answering customer inquiries, suggesting customized additions to customers, and liaising between the customer and Metal Works and Wood Works to determine project specifications, timelines, and pricing. The Sales Representative job does not require actually touching a boat, but knowledge is required of both Metal Works and Wood Works to speak knowledgeably to the customer and to complete pricing. Because the Sales Representative job is customer-focused, this job often makes promises to the customer on project specifications and timelines that Metal and Wood Works then need to deliver upon.

When specifications or timelines cannot be met, the Sales Representative must then communicate back to a potentially unhappy customer.