Sometimes a business entity may change its method of accounting for certain items. It may classify the change as a change in accounting principle, a change in accounting estimate, or a change in reporting entity. The following are three situations faced by Hyde Company relating to accounting changes.

Situation I
Hyde determined that the depreciable lives of its fixed assets are presently too long to fairly match the cost of the fixed assets with the revenue produced. Hyde decided at the beginning of the current year to reduce the depreciable lives of all of its existing fixed assets by 5 years.

Situation II
On December 31, 2018, Hyde owned 51% of Patten Company, at which time Hyde reported its investment using the cost method, owing to political uncertainties in the country in which Patten was located. On January 2, 2019, the management of Hyde was satisfied that the political uncertainties were resolved and the assets of the company were in no danger of nationalization.
Accordingly, Hyde will prepare consolidated financial statements for Hyde and Patten for
the year ended December 31, 2019.

Situation III

Hyde decides in January 2019 to adopt the straight-line method of depreciation for equipment. The straight-line method will be used for new acquisitions, as well as for previously acquired equipment for which depreciation had been provided on an accelerated basis.

Directions
For each of the preceding situations, research the related generally accepted accounting principles and prepare a short memo to the president that explains the following: type of accounting change; manner of reporting the change under current generally accepted
accounting principles, including a discussion, where applicable, of how amounts are computed; effect of the change on the balance sheet and income statement; and note disclosures that would be necessary. Cite your references and applicable paragraph numbers.