The reforms introduced in the banking system after the financial crisis of 2007–2009 have sometimes been criticized by federation of bankers, who warned that requiring banks to hold more capital and reduce risk-taking will increase the lending cost and restrain investments and economy activity. In its last report on the “Implementation and Effects of the G20 Financial Regulatory Reforms,” the Financial Stability Board

(August 2016) stated on the contrary that “The improvement in bank resilience has been achieved while maintaining the overall provision of credit to the real economy . . .

Overall, banks have met the higher capital requirements . . . following a sharp decline after the crisis, both total and bank lending growth have resumed in all regions, albeit at different paces.” Comment on this debate.