PVT data may be taken by the following procedure: A mass m of a substance of molar mass ℳ is introduced into a thermostated vessel of known total volume V^t. The system is allowed to equilibrate, and the temperature T and pressure P are measured.

(a) Approximately what percentage errors are allowable in the measured variables (m, ℳ, V^t, T, and P) if the maximum allowable error in the calculated compressibility factor Z is ±1%?

(b) Approximately what percentage errors are allowable in the measured variables if the maximum allowable error in calculated values of the second virial coefficient B is ±1%? Assume that Z ≃ 0.9 and that values of B are calculated by Eq. (3.37).

Eq. (3.37)

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PV Z=- RT B 1+ V