What is acentric factor?
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What is acentric factor?
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The acentric factor is a dimensionless parameter used in thermodynamics to characterize the nonideality of a substance and estimate its vapor pressure behavior and critical properties It provides information about the shape and molecular interactions of a substance particularly in relation to its critical point The acentric factor is denoted by the symbol omega and is defined as the ratio of the substances vapor pressure at its critical temperature to the vapor pressure of a hypothetical ideal gas at the same temperature and pressure Mathematically it is expressed as lnPcPsig lnPcPsigc where Pc is the critical pressure Psig is the vapor pressure of the substance at a particular temperature and PcPsigc represents the critical pressuretovapor pressure ratio for an ideal gas The acentric factor provides a measure of how the substance deviates from ideal gas behavior Acentric factors can range from negative to positive values with the value of zero representing an ideal gas Substances with positive acentric factors tend to exhibit stronger intermolecular attractions while those with negative acentric factors are associated with substances that have weaker intermolecular forces The acentric factor is often used in various thermodynamic correlations and equations of state such as the PengRobinson equation and the LeeKesler equation to estimate critical properties vaporliquid equilibrium and other thermodynamic properties of substances By incorporating the acentric factor these equations can better account for the nonideal ...View the full answer
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