Analyze each of the following investigations, or arguments, and indicate which of the methods of causal reasoning—Mill’s methods—are being used in each of them:

Teens who lose their virginity earlier than their peers are more likely to shoplift, destroy property, or sell drugs than their virgin counterparts, according to a recent national study of 7,000 teenagers. Those who had sex early were 20 percent more likely to engage in delinquent acts one year later compared to those whose first sexual experience occurred at the average age for their school. Those who waited longer than average to have sex had delinquency rates 50 percent lower a year later compared to average teens. Waiting appears to have a protective effect. “We’re not finding that sex itself leads to delinquency; sex itself is not always a problem behavior,” writes co-author and Ohio State sociologist Stacy Armour. However, “the timing of sexual initiation does matter.
Kids go off on a different trajectory if they’re having sex early.”
—Reported in Journal of Youth and Adolescence, February 2007