Computing variances for marketing costs. Gomez and Associates, Inc., uses telephone solicitation to sell products. The company has set standards that call for $450 of sales per hour of telephone time. Telephone solicitors receive a commission of 10 percent of dollar sales. The firm expects other variable costs, including costs of sales in the operation, to be 45 percent of sales revenue. It budgets fixed costs at $41 1,500 per month. The firm computes the number of sales hours per month based on the number of days in a month minus an allowance for idle time, scheduling, and other inefficiencies. This month the firm expected 180 hours of telephone calling time for each of 40 callers.

During the month, the firm earned $2,700,000 of revenues. Marketing and administrative cost data for the period follow:

Using sales dollars as a basis for analysis, compute the variances between actual, flexible budget, and master budget for all costs including cost of sales. (Hint: Consider sales volume as an output measure.)

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Actual Master Budget Cost of Sales $810,000 $972,000 Telephone Time Charges 32,200 32,400 Delivery Services 161,100 194,400 Uncollectible Accounts 121,500 145,800 Other Variable Costs 112.700 113,400 Fixed Costs 409,000 411,500