10.45 Ground or Air? The earth's temperature (which affects seed germination, crop survival in bad weather, and many other aspects of agricultural production) can be measured using either ground-based sensors or infrared-sensing devices mounted in aircraft or space satellites. Ground-based sensoring is tedious, requiring many replications to obtain an accurate estimate of ground temperature. On the other hand, airplane or satellite sensoring of infrared waves appears to introduce a bias in the temperature readings. To determine the bias, readings were obtained at five different locations using both ground- and air-based temperature sensors. The readings (in degrees Celsius) are listed here:

a. Do the data present sufficient evidence to indicate a bias in the air-based temperature readings? Explain.

b. Estimate the difference in mean temperatures between ground- and air-based sensors using a 95% confidence interval.

c. How many paired observations are required to estimate the difference between mean temperatures for ground- versus air-based sensors correct to within 0.2 C, with probability approximately equal to 0.95?

Transcribed Image Text:

Location Ground Air 1 46.9 47.3 2345 45.4 48.1 36.3 37.9 31.0 32.7 24.7 26.2