12.25 Gestation Times and Longevity The table below shows the gestation time in days and the average longevity in years for a variety of mammals in captivity.

a. If you want to estimate the average longevity of an animal based on its gestation time, which variable is the response variable and which is the independent predictor variable?

b. Assume that there is a linear relationship between gestation time and longevity. Calculate the least- squares regression line describing longevity as a linear function of gestation time.

c. Plot the data points and the regression line. Does it appear that the line fits the data?

d. Use the appropriate statistical tests and measures to explain the usefulness of the regression model for predicting longevity.

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Animal Gestation (days) Avg Longevity (yrs) Baboon 187 20 Bear (black) 219 18 Bison 285 15 Cat (domestic) 63 12 Elk 250 15 Fox (red) 52 7 Goat (domestic) 151 8 Gorilla 258 20 Horse 330 20 Monkey (rhesus) 166 15 Mouse (meadow) 21 3 Pig (domestic) 112 10 Puma 90 12 Sheep (domestic) 154 12 Wolf (maned) 63 5