10. A group of African American steelworkers employed by the Lukens Steel Company alleged that they were victims of racial discrimination in their treatment by the company. At the same time, they charged their union with illegal discrimination in violation of Title VII, asserting that the union failed to vigorously pursue their grievances against the company.

Should the courts entertain this claim against the union? Is there a possible preemption problem?

If allowed to sue their union, what remedy should the African American employees seek against the labor organization? See United Steelworkers v.

Goodman [479 U.S. 982 (1986)].