The Toledo Police Patrolmen’s Association is the union representing the employees of the Toledo, Ohio, police department. Several police department employees objected to the amount of agency fees that they were required to pay because they reflected union political expenditures. The union had charged objectors an agency fee that was equal to 100 percent of the regular union dues. The union claimed that its collective bargaining expenditures were $166,020 annually, whereas the dues collected amounted to only

$162,138 annually, but the union refused to make its financial records available to the objecting employees.

The employees filed suit in federal court, asking the court to order the union to provide financial information and to submit to an audit to verify the procedure used to determine the agency fees.

How should the court rule on the employees’

suit? See Tierney v. City of Toledo [917 F.2d 927

(6th Cir. 1990)].