How would you justify, in terms of welfare economics, the following government poli-

cies?

(a) high excise taxes on liquor

(b) municipal zoning ordinances

(c) financing subway construction by taxes on motor vehicle use

(d) prevention of price discrimination

(e) restriction of entry of competing firms into the public utilities field

(f) provision of funds for agricultural research

(g) legislation prohibiting "featherbedding"