8. In a pretest, respondents were asked to express their preference for an outdoor lifestyle (V1) using a 7-point scale (1 = not at all preferred, 7 = greatly preferred).

They were also asked to indicate the importance of the following variables on a 7-point scale (1 = not at all important, 7 = very important).

V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 7.00 3.00 6.00 4.00 5.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 2.00 5.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 1.00 1.00 4.00 3.00 4.00 6.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 3.00 5.00 4.00 6.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 5.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 3.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 4.00 2.00 6.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 4.00 5.00 3.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 1.00 4.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 7.00 2.00 6.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 1.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 5.00 3.00 3.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 3.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 4.00 1.00 2.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 2.00 2.00 5.00 5.00 6.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 2.00 2.00 7.00 7.00 4.00 4.00 7.00 7.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 6.00 3.00 7.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 7.00 3.00 6.00 4.00 4.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 5.00 2.00 6.00 3.00 3.00 2.00 3.00 5.00 6.00 4.00 7.00 5.00 6.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 4.00 1.00 5.00 4.00 4.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 7.00 4.00 7.00 4.00 6.00 2.00 3.00 6.00 7.00 4.00 2.00 1.00 7.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 6.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 4.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 7.00 7.00 4.00 2.00 5.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 7.00 2.00 6.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 6.00 3.00 7.00 2.00 7.00 2.00 3.00 5.00 6.00 2.00 6.00 7.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 V2 = enjoying nature V3 = relating to the weather V4 = living in harmony with the environment V5 = exercising regularly V6 = meeting other people The gender of the respondent (V7) was coded as 1 = female and 2 = male. The location of residence (V8) was coded as 1 = midtown/downtown, 2 = suburbs, and 3 = countryside. The data obtained are given in the previous table.
Using a statistical package of your choice, answer the following questions. In each case, formulate the null and the alternative hypotheses and conduct the appropriate statistical test(s).

a. Does the mean preference for an outdoor lifestyle exceed 3.0?

b. Does the mean importance of enjoying nature exceed 3.5?

c. Does the mean preference for an outdoor lifestyle differ for males and females?

d. Does the importance attached to V2 through V6 differ for males and females?

e. Do the respondents attach more importance to enjoying nature than they do to relating to the weather?

f. Do the respondents attach more importance to relating to the weather than they do to meeting other people?
g. Do the respondents attach more importance to living in harmony with the environment than they do to exercising regularly?