On November 1, 2023, Cheng Company (a U.S.-based company) forecasts the purchase of goods from a foreign supplier for 100,000 yuan. Cheng expects to receive the goods on April 30, 2024, and make immediate payment. On November 1, 2023, Cheng enters into a six-month forward contract to buy 100,000 yuan. The company properly designates the forward contract as a cash flow hedge of a forecasted foreign currency transaction. Forward points are excluded in assessing hedge effectiveness and are amortized to net income using a straight-line method on a monthly basis over the life of the contract. The following U.S. dollar–yuan exchange rates apply:

As expected, Cheng receives goods from the foreign supplier on April 30, 2024, and pays 100,000 yuan immediately. Cheng sells the imported goods in the local market in May 2024.

a. Prepare all journal entries, including December 31 adjusting entries, to record the foreign currency forward contract and import purchase.

b. What is the impact on net income in 2023?

c. What is the impact on net income in 2024?

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Date November 1, 2023 December 31, 2023 April 30, 2024 Spot Rate $0.21 0.19 0.18 Forward Rate (to April 30, 2024) $0.195 0.170 N/A