The article “A Longitudinal Study of the Development of Elementary School Children’s Private Speech” (Merrill-Palmer Q. 1990: 443–463) reported on a study of children talking to themselves (private speech). It was thought that private speech would be related to IQ, because IQ is supposed to measure mental maturity, and it was known that private speech decreases as students progress through the primary grades. The study included 33 students whose first-grade IQ scores are given here:

Use various techniques discussed in this chapter to organize, summarize, and describe the data.

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