The rate of return on an investment, also called the yield, is the relationship between the yearly (annual) inflow from the investment and the cost of the investment. For example, a $100 savings account that earns $3 would have a 3 percent yield ($3  $100). Calculate the yield for the following investments.

a. $8 dividend on a stock that cost $160

b. $1,000 rent on land that cost $10,000

c. $74 interest on a bond that cost $960

d. $5,600 profit from a business that had a startup cost of $78,000