12.5 Howard et al. (1986) (see Problems 5.12 and 8.8) also wanted to determine whether there is a direct relationship between computer anxiety and math anxiety. Even though the two subjects involve somewhat different skills (clear, logical, and serial thinking versus quantitative talent), both kinds of anxiety are frequently present in persons who regard themselves as technologically alienated. The pretest scores are shown below for 14 students, with larger scores indicating greater amounts of the trait.

Student Math Anxiety Computer Anxiety Technological Alienation A 20 22 18 B 21 24 20 C 23 23 19 D 26 28 25 E 32 34 36 F 27 30 28 G 38 38 42 H 34 36 40 I 28 29 28 J 20 21 23 K 29 32 32 L 22 25 24 M 30 31 37 N 25 27 25

(a) Determine the relationship between computer anxiety and math anxiety.

(b) Determine the relationship when the effect of technological alienation is removed.