8.7 Elam (1988) conducted a double-blind study of 18 adult males to investigate the effects of physical resistance exercises and amino acid dietary supplements on body mass, body fat, and composite girth. Ten of the subjects received the diet supplement and eight received a placebo. All subjects participated in 15 resistance exercise workouts of 1 hour each spread over a 5 week period. Workloads were tailored to abilities of the individual subjects but escalated in intensity over the period. The data are the changes (after minus before) in body mass, body fat, and composite body girth for the amino acid (treatment) group and placebo

(control) groups of subjects. Were amino acid supplements effective in reducing the body mass (kg), fat (%), and girth (cm)?

Treatment Group Control Group Subject Mass Fat Girth Subject Mass Fat Girth 1 2.00 1.14 17.00 1 1.00 0.56 11.00 2 0.00 2.64 2.00 2 0.50 0.87 5.00 3 1.00 1.96 23.00 3 0.75 0.75 1.00 4 4.00 0.86 13.00 4 2.00 0.60 35.00 5 0.75 2.35 2.00 5 3.00 0.00 5.00 6 1.75 2.51 5.00 6 2.50 2.54 2.00 7 2.75 0.55 8.00 7 0.00 3.10 3.00 8 0.00 3.40 3.00 8 0.25 3.48 7.00 9 1.75 0.00 7.00 10 1.00 4.94 10.00