For the situation in question 4, consider two decision makers, Ivan and Derek, who make a decision solely on the basis of prior probabilities (i.e., without observing any features). Ivan thinks that the decision should be randomized according to the prior probability distribution. So, he decides “0” 60% of the times and “1” 40% of the times, on the basis of the outcome of a biased coin flip. Derek, on the other hand, thinks that he should always decide the greater of the two probabilities, that is, “0” all the times. Who do you think will perform better? What are their error rates?