• 1. Drawing from the preceding examples, what factors do you think differentiate occasions when mediation was successful and when it failed? 

2. One successful mediator, Boston’s Paul Finn, argues that if the disputing parties are seeking justice, “It’s best to go somewhere else.” Why do you think he says that?

• 3. Do you think a mediator should find out why the parties want what they want? Why or why not? 
• 4. The EEOC reports that whereas 85 percent of employees agree to mediate their charges, employers agree to mediate only 30 percent of the time. Why do you think this disparity exists? 

We typically think of mediation as the province of marital counselors and labor strife. More organizations use mediation to resolve conflicts than you might think. In fact, in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, and India, mediation is growing rapidly as a means to settle employment disputes. We introduced mediation in this chapter; let’s look at some examples when it has succeeded and when it has failed.

Mediation has often succeeded:

• When German public services workers found themselves in a dispute with municipalities over pay and work hours, a strike ensued. The unions were pressing for an 8 percent pay hike, whereas the municipalities proposed a 5 percent pay raise. Two mediators were called in to oversee a mediation process during which strikes were banned. The mediators suggested a 6 percent raise, subsequently accepted by both parties.

• The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the federal agency that oversees employment discrimination complaints in the United States, uses mediation extensively. Safeway, the third-largest U.S. supermarket chain, uses the EEOC to mediate numerous employment disputes. Says Donna Gwin, Safeway’s Director of Human Resources, “Through mediation, we have had the opportunity to proactively resolve issues and avoid potential charges in the future. We have seen the number of charges filed with EEOC against us actually decline. We believe that our participating in mediation and listening to employees’ concerns has contributed to that decline.”

However, mediation doesn’t always work:

• In 2008, the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) and the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers (AMPTP), representing some 350 studios and production companies, engaged in prolonged negotiations over a new labor agreement. The negotiations failed, and the parties agreed to mediation. However, mediation also failed, and in response SAG asked its members to approve a strike authorization.

• When David Kuchinsky, the former driver for New York Knicks center Eddy Curry, sued Curry for sexual harassment, discrimination, and failure to pay $93,000 in wages and reimbursements, the parties agreed to mediation. However, after the sides failed to reach a settlement during mediation, Kuchinsky reinstated his lawsuit, and Curry filed a $50,000 countersuit.