(a) Using Figure 19.24, compare the kinetic energy of an atom in gas \(A\) with that of an atom in gas \(B\) in the thermal equilibrium state (that is, on the dashed line) and in a macrostate to the left of the dashed line.

(b) In each of these two macrostates, which gas is "hotter"?

(c) For the same two macrostates, compare the quantities \(d S_{\mathrm{A}} / d E_{\mathrm{th}, \mathrm{A}}\) and \(d S_{\mathrm{B}} / d E_{\mathrm{th}, \mathrm{B}}\).

Transcribed Image Text:

Figure 19.24 How the entropies of the gases in Figure 19.23 depend on the thermal energy Eth.A of gas A. most probable macrostate S S = S + SB 0 SA slope = 0 dSA dE th.A dSn dEA th.A Eth