The bacterium E. coli is a single-cell organism that lives in the gut of healthy animals, including humans. When grown in a uniform medium in the laboratory, these bacteria swim along zig-zag paths at a constant speed of 20 μm/s. FIGURE P3.41 shows the trajectory of an E. coli as it moves from point A to point E. What are the magnitude and direction of the bacterium’s average velocity for the entire trip?

Figure P3.41