How long does it take to reach steady state? Use simulation, with the Multiserver Simulation.xlsm file, to experiment with the effect of warm-up time and runtime on the key outputs. For each of the following, assume a five-server system with a Poisson arrival rate of 1 per minute and gamma-distributed service times with mean 4.0 minutes and standard deviation 3.1 minutes. For each part, make five separate runs, using a different random number seed on each run.

a. Use a warm-up time of 0 and a runtime of 30 minutes.

b. Use a warm-up time of 0 and a runtime of 180 minutes.

c. Use a warm-up time of 120 minutes and a runtime of 30 minutes.

d. Use a warm-up time of 120 minutes and a runtime of 180 minutes.

e. Repeat parts a to d when the mean and standard deviation of service times are 4.8 and 4.2 minutes, respectively. (This should produce considerably more congestion.)