1. Describe the traditional way parents attempt to reduce bedtime crying. What’s wrong with this technique? 

2. What reinforcers may maintain excessive bedtime crying? 

3. Describe the use of extinction to reduce bedtime crying. Include: 

• The reinforcer withheld 

• The results 

4. After a week of the extinction procedure, the infant began to cry again at night. Why? 

5. And, of course, please define extinction (yeah, we know; this is just a little rehearsal from back in Chapter 2.)