Consumer packaged goods manufacturers typically distribute products to retailers through wholesalers. However, Walmart deals directly with manufacturers—many of whom have offi ces located in Bentonville, Arkansas—

concentrating just on Walmart. Discuss the consequences of manufacturers, such as Kraft and P&G, distributing products directly to one or more large retailers while distributing the same products indirectly to smaller retailers through wholesalers. (AACSB: Communication; Refl ective Thinking) LO.1