As with premiums, reserves where the payments are made continuously are denoted by placing a bar over the V, and reserves where the insurance is payable at the moment of death are denoted by including the net single premium for the insurance in parantheses after the V.

(a) Given a^ = 23, a^^s = 19 and 6 = .03, find 5V{Ax).

(b) Given a^.-^ = 16, ^;c+io;^^:To| = ^^ ^"^ 6 = .03, find lo^a.;^)-