This problem consists of two parts related to cluster computing:

1. Define and distinguish among the following terms on scalability:

a. Scalability over machine size

b. Scalability over problem size

c. Resource scalability

d. Generation scalability

2. Explain the architectural and functional differences among three availability cluster configurations: hot standby, active takeover, and fault-tolerant clusters. Give two example commercial cluster systems in each availability cluster configuration. Comment on their relative strengths and weaknesses in commercial applications.