Tikal National Park in Guatemala is heavily visited by tourists. Does the disturbance affect animal densities? To investigate, Hidinger compared the densities of various bird and mammal species in places immediately next to heavily visited by tourists. The mean densities (in animals/km^2) are found in the accompanying table. The table lists P-value associated with a test of null hypothesis that two types of plots do no differ in mean density.

a. Which species show a statistically significant reduction in mean density near heavily ruins? us significance level of alpha=0.05.

b. Which species show a significant increase in density near heavily visited ruins/

c. Which species provide no significant evidence of a difference in mean density between areas frequented by tourists and those rarely visited/

d. For which species is the evidence strongest for a change in density near tourist sites?

Species Agouti Coatimundi Collared peccary Deppes squirrel Howler monkey Spider monkey Crested guan Great curassow Ocellated turkey Tinamou Mean density near ruins 160.2 99.4 4.6 32.3 7.3 170.8 0 10.8 47.0 0 Mean density far from ruins 14.5 1.0 1.8 2.2 1.9 15.0 49.4 72.0 0 4.9 P-value 0.03 0.01 0.79 0.54 0.03 0.88 0.001 0.048 0.02 0.049