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In the latter part of the 20th century, scientists put forward the theory that the Earth's temperature was increasing, and that the primary cause of
In the latter part of the 20th century, scientists put forward the theory that the Earth's temperature was increasing, and that the primary cause of this phenomenon was the growing amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas, and oil. While many climatologists support the idea of the greenhouse effect, others remain sceptical. However, two critical questions must be answered to resolve this issue: Is the Earth's temperature actually rising? If so, is the increasing amount of CO2 in the atmosphere responsible for this warming?
Page 3 of 3 To investigate these questions, the generally accepted method is to record monthly temperature anomalies, which are the deviations from the long-term average temperature for each month. A positive anomaly indicates that the temperature of a particular month is higher than the average, while a negative anomaly implies that the temperature is lower. The dataset "Climate_change.xlsx" contains monthly data on temperature anomalies and atmospheric CO2 levels from March 1958 to November 2009. Therefore, the two issues that need to be addressed in this discussion are: firstly, whether global warming is taking place, and secondly, if so, whether carbon dioxide emissions are responsible for it. A. Using graphical and numerical descriptive measures describe the two data series: 1) Comment on the distribution of two data series 2) Identify any outliers using boxplots. 3) Present a summary of numerical descriptive measures. B. Is Earth actually warming? 1) Use a descriptive graphical technique for the data for temperature anomalies to determine whether there is global warming, by first identifying the type of data and the appropriate graphical technique. 2) Test whether the mean temperature anomalies is positive. C. If the planet is warming, is CO2 the cause? 1) Use a graphical technique to determine whether there is a relationship between temperature anomalies and CO2 levels. 2) Comment on your findings
| Year | Month | CO2 | Temperature Anomalies |
| 1958 | 3 | 315.71 | 0.011 |
| 1958 | 4 | 317.45 | 0.0668 |
| 1958 | 5 | 317.50 | 0.0965 |
| 1958 | 6 | 317.11 | -0.1219 |
| 1958 | 7 | 315.86 | -0.0048 |
| 1958 | 8 | 314.93 | -0.0867 |
| 1958 | 9 | 313.20 | -0.2284 |
| 1958 | 10 | 312.61 | -0.0911 |
| 1958 | 11 | 313.33 | 0.1627 |
| 1958 | 12 | 314.67 | 0.2102 |
| 1959 | 1 | 315.62 | 0.1299 |
| 1959 | 2 | 316.38 | -0.0216 |
| 1959 | 3 | 316.71 | 0.4944 |
| 1959 | 4 | 317.72 | 0.1993 |
| 1959 | 5 | 318.29 | -0.131 |
| 1959 | 6 | 318.16 | 0.1593 |
| 1959 | 7 | 316.55 | 0.0647 |
| 1959 | 8 | 314.80 | -0.0165 |
| 1959 | 9 | 313.84 | 0.0514 |
| 1959 | 10 | 313.26 | -0.255 |
| 1959 | 11 | 314.80 | -0.3893 |
| 1959 | 12 | 315.59 | -0.1529 |
| 1960 | 1 | 316.43 | -0.0688 |
| 1960 | 2 | 316.97 | 0.5585 |
| 1960 | 3 | 317.58 | -0.8426 |
| 1960 | 4 | 319.02 | -0.2907 |
| 1960 | 5 | 320.02 | -0.4773 |
| 1960 | 6 | 319.59 | 0.1047 |
| 1960 | 7 | 318.18 | -0.1472 |
| 1960 | 8 | 315.91 | -0.0565 |
| 1960 | 9 | 314.16 | 0.01 |
| 1960 | 10 | 313.83 | -0.0661 |
| 1960 | 11 | 315.00 | -0.3197 |
| 1960 | 12 | 316.19 | 0.5309 |
| 1961 | 1 | 316.93 | 0.2385 |
| 1961 | 2 | 317.70 | 0.3253 |
| 1961 | 3 | 318.54 | 0.3758 |
| 1961 | 4 | 319.48 | 0.1058 |
| 1961 | 5 | 320.58 | 0.189 |
| 1961 | 6 | 319.77 | 0.1529 |
| 1961 | 7 | 318.58 | -0.0459 |
| 1961 | 8 | 316.79 | -0.0339 |
| 1961 | 9 | 314.80 | -0.0487 |
| 1961 | 10 | 315.38 | -0.2664 |
| 1961 | 11 | 316.10 | -0.031 |
| 1961 | 12 | 317.01 | -0.2301 |
| 1962 | 1 | 317.94 | 0.3176 |
| 1962 | 2 | 318.55 | 0.4681 |
| 1962 | 3 | 319.68 | 0.2203 |
| 1962 | 4 | 320.63 | 0.1426 |
| 1962 | 5 | 321.01 | 0.0144 |
| 1962 | 6 | 320.55 | -0.1558 |
| 1962 | 7 | 319.58 | -0.0551 |
| 1962 | 8 | 317.40 | -0.0575 |
| 1962 | 9 | 316.26 | -0.0252 |
| 1962 | 10 | 315.42 | 0.1398 |
| 1962 | 11 | 316.69 | 0.171 |
| 1962 | 12 | 317.70 | 0.2893 |
| 1963 | 1 | 318.74 | 0.0828 |
| 1963 | 2 | 319.08 | 0.8688 |
| 1963 | 3 | 319.86 | -0.0411 |
| 1963 | 4 | 321.39 | -0.1965 |
| 1963 | 5 | 322.24 | -0.1732 |
| 1963 | 6 | 321.47 | -0.1112 |
| 1963 | 7 | 319.74 | 0.1559 |
| 1963 | 8 | 317.77 | 0.1718 |
| 1963 | 9 | 316.21 | 0.2702 |
| 1963 | 10 | 315.99 | 0.5756 |
| 1963 | 11 | 317.12 | 0.3894 |
| 1963 | 12 | 318.31 | 0.0522 |
| 1964 | 1 | 319.57 | 0.0594 |
| 1964 | 2 | 320.11 | -0.3869 |
| 1964 | 3 | 320.76 | -0.3739 |
| 1964 | 4 | 321.79 | -0.3647 |
| 1964 | 5 | 322.24 | -0.1097 |
| 1964 | 6 | 321.89 | -0.1967 |
| 1964 | 7 | 320.44 | -0.1867 |
| 1964 | 8 | 318.70 | -0.2353 |
| 1964 | 9 | 316.70 | -0.3247 |
| 1964 | 10 | 316.79 | -0.5399 |
| 1964 | 11 | 317.79 | -0.1948 |
| 1964 | 12 | 318.71 | -0.4318 |
| 1965 | 1 | 319.44 | 0.0684 |
| 1965 | 2 | 320.44 | -0.4826 |
| 1965 | 3 | 320.89 | -0.1338 |
| 1965 | 4 | 322.13 | -0.4334 |
| 1965 | 5 | 322.16 | -0.1079 |
| 1965 | 6 | 321.87 | -0.0887 |
| 1965 | 7 | 321.39 | -0.1832 |
| 1965 | 8 | 318.80 | -0.2248 |
| 1965 | 9 | 317.81 | -0.2176 |
| 1965 | 10 | 317.30 | 0.0903 |
| 1965 | 11 | 318.87 | -0.3219 |
| 1965 | 12 | 319.42 | -0.0353 |
| 1966 | 1 | 320.62 | -0.1959 |
| 1966 | 2 | 321.59 | -0.1487 |
| 1966 | 3 | 322.39 | 0.0218 |
| 1966 | 4 | 323.87 | -0.3439 |
| 1966 | 5 | 324.01 | -0.0851 |
| 1966 | 6 | 323.75 | 0.1131 |
| 1966 | 7 | 322.40 | 0.1001 |
| 1966 | 8 | 320.37 | 0.0179 |
| 1966 | 9 | 318.64 | 0.0501 |
| 1966 | 10 | 318.10 | -0.196 |
| 1966 | 11 | 319.78 | -0.2632 |
| 1966 | 12 | 321.08 | -0.5724 |
| 1967 | 1 | 322.06 | -0.3025 |
| 1967 | 2 | 322.50 | -0.4549 |
| 1967 | 3 | 323.04 | 0.014 |
| 1967 | 4 | 324.42 | 0.095 |
| 1967 | 5 | 325.00 | 0.2553 |
| 1967 | 6 | 324.09 | -0.2681 |
| 1967 | 7 | 322.55 | -0.1828 |
| 1967 | 8 | 320.92 | -0.197 |
| 1967 | 9 | 319.31 | -0.1718 |
| 1967 | 10 | 319.31 | 0.4655 |
| 1967 | 11 | 320.72 | 0.022 |
| 1967 | 12 | 321.96 | 0.0343 |
| 1968 | 1 | 322.57 | -0.4084 |
| 1968 | 2 | 323.15 | -0.143 |
| 1968 | 3 | 323.89 | 0.8267 |
| 1968 | 4 | 325.02 | -0.0844 |
| 1968 | 5 | 325.57 | -0.2576 |
| 1968 | 6 | 325.36 | -0.2808 |
| 1968 | 7 | 324.14 | -0.2182 |
| 1968 | 8 | 322.03 | -0.241 |
| 1968 | 9 | 320.41 | -0.2587 |
| 1968 | 10 | 320.25 | -0.1655 |
| 1968 | 11 | 321.31 | -0.2477 |
| 1968 | 12 | 322.84 | -0.5647 |
| 1969 | 1 | 324.00 | -1.1966 |
| 1969 | 2 | 324.42 | -1.0261 |
| 1969 | 3 | 325.64 | -0.1005 |
| 1969 | 4 | 326.66 | 0.0551 |
| 1969 | 5 | 327.34 | -0.0241 |
| 1969 | 6 | 326.76 | -0.1175 |
| 1969 | 7 | 325.88 | 0.0574 |
| 1969 | 8 | 323.67 | -0.0549 |
| 1969 | 9 | 322.38 | -0.1429 |
| 1969 | 10 | 321.78 | -0.1087 |
| 1969 | 11 | 322.85 | 0.3489 |
| 1969 | 12 | 324.12 | 0.3829 |
| 1970 | 1 | 325.03 | -0.0444 |
| 1970 | 2 | 325.99 | 0.4935 |
| 1970 | 3 | 326.87 | -0.2413 |
| 1970 | 4 | 328.14 | 0.1774 |
| 1970 | 5 | 328.07 | -0.0441 |
| 1970 | 6 | 327.66 | 0.071 |
| 1970 | 7 | 326.35 | 0.0002 |
| 1970 | 8 | 324.69 | -0.097 |
| 1970 | 9 | 323.10 | -0.0808 |
| 1970 | 10 | 323.16 | -0.3015 |
| 1970 | 11 | 323.98 | -0.0832 |
| 1970 | 12 | 325.13 | -0.3134 |
| 1971 | 1 | 326.17 | 0.0078 |
| 1971 | 2 | 326.68 | -0.499 |
| 1971 | 3 | 327.18 | -0.2575 |
| 1971 | 4 | 327.78 | -0.227 |
| 1971 | 5 | 328.92 | -0.1517 |
| 1971 | 6 | 328.57 | -0.2413 |
| 1971 | 7 | 327.34 | -0.1532 |
| 1971 | 8 | 325.46 | -0.1343 |
| 1971 | 9 | 323.36 | 0.0105 |
| 1971 | 10 | 323.56 | -0.0895 |
| 1971 | 11 | 324.80 | 0.333 |
| 1971 | 12 | 326.01 | 0.1266 |
| 1972 | 1 | 326.77 | -0.9707 |
| 1972 | 2 | 327.63 | -0.8485 |
| 1972 | 3 | 327.75 | -0.0941 |
| 1972 | 4 | 329.72 | -0.072 |
| 1972 | 5 | 330.07 | -0.136 |
| 1972 | 6 | 329.09 | 0.0069 |
| 1972 | 7 | 328.05 | -0.1428 |
| 1972 | 8 | 326.32 | -0.0643 |
| 1972 | 9 | 324.93 | -0.3012 |
| 1972 | 10 | 325.06 | -0.1489 |
| 1972 | 11 | 326.50 | -0.301 |
| 1972 | 12 | 327.55 | 0.0729 |
| 1973 | 1 | 328.55 | 0.1632 |
| 1973 | 2 | 329.56 | 0.6837 |
| 1973 | 3 | 330.30 | 0.6357 |
| 1973 | 4 | 331.50 | 0.3657 |
| 1973 | 5 | 332.48 | 0.2384 |
| 1973 | 6 | 332.07 | 0.338 |
| 1973 | 7 | 330.87 | 0.0927 |
| 1973 | 8 | 329.31 | -0.0057 |
| 1973 | 9 | 327.51 | -0.0774 |
| 1973 | 10 | 327.18 | -0.0128 |
| 1973 | 11 | 328.16 | -0.113 |
| 1973 | 12 | 328.64 | 0.1827 |
| 1974 | 1 | 329.35 | -0.7418 |
| 1974 | 2 | 330.71 | -0.8358 |
| 1974 | 3 | 331.48 | -0.0314 |
| 1974 | 4 | 332.65 | -0.0158 |
| 1974 | 5 | 333.15 | -0.1689 |
| 1974 | 6 | 332.13 | -0.2098 |
| 1974 | 7 | 330.99 | -0.0687 |
| 1974 | 8 | 329.17 | -0.2157 |
| 1974 | 9 | 327.41 | -0.3106 |
| 1974 | 10 | 327.21 | -0.4739 |
| 1974 | 11 | 328.34 | -0.3475 |
| 1974 | 12 | 329.50 | -0.4643 |
| 1975 | 1 | 330.68 | 0.2386 |
| 1975 | 2 | 331.41 | -0.0716 |
| 1975 | 3 | 331.85 | 0.2671 |
| 1975 | 4 | 333.29 | 0.1883 |
| 1975 | 5 | 333.91 | 0.1129 |
| 1975 | 6 | 333.40 | 0.0728 |
| 1975 | 7 | 331.74 | -0.0236 |
| 1975 | 8 | 329.88 | -0.2229 |
| 1975 | 9 | 328.57 | 0.0853 |
| 1975 | 10 | 328.35 | -0.268 |
| 1975 | 11 | 329.33 | -0.273 |
| 1975 | 12 | 330.55 | -0.0515 |
| 1976 | 1 | 331.66 | 0.1241 |
| 1976 | 2 | 332.75 | -0.3304 |
| 1976 | 3 | 333.46 | -0.8099 |
| 1976 | 4 | 334.78 | -0.0049 |
| 1976 | 5 | 334.79 | -0.2797 |
| 1976 | 6 | 334.05 | -0.3553 |
| 1976 | 7 | 332.95 | -0.3259 |
| 1976 | 8 | 330.64 | -0.3557 |
| 1976 | 9 | 328.96 | -0.1664 |
| 1976 | 10 | 328.77 | -0.9451 |
| 1976 | 11 | 330.18 | -0.5839 |
| 1976 | 12 | 331.65 | -0.2869 |
| 1977 | 1 | 332.69 | -0.6984 |
| 1977 | 2 | 333.23 | 0.138 |
| 1977 | 3 | 334.97 | 0.5139 |
| 1977 | 4 | 336.03 | 0.4489 |
| 1977 | 5 | 336.82 | 0.2591 |
| 1977 | 6 | 336.10 | 0.2961 |
| 1977 | 7 | 334.79 | 0.054 |
| 1977 | 8 | 332.53 | -0.1135 |
| 1977 | 9 | 331.19 | 0.0119 |
| 1977 | 10 | 331.21 | -0.1672 |
| 1977 | 11 | 332.35 | 0.4349 |
| 1977 | 12 | 333.47 | -0.0364 |
| 1978 | 1 | 335.09 | -0.0083 |
| 1978 | 2 | 335.26 | 0.016 |
| 1978 | 3 | 336.62 | 0.3507 |
| 1978 | 4 | 337.77 | 0.1741 |
| 1978 | 5 | 338.00 | -0.1105 |
| 1978 | 6 | 337.98 | -0.2161 |
| 1978 | 7 | 336.48 | -0.1962 |
| 1978 | 8 | 334.37 | -0.3624 |
| 1978 | 9 | 332.33 | -0.1383 |
| 1978 | 10 | 332.40 | -0.0856 |
| 1978 | 11 | 333.76 | 0.2347 |
| 1978 | 12 | 334.83 | -0.1036 |
| 1979 | 1 | 336.21 | -0.2162 |
| 1979 | 2 | 336.64 | -0.2605 |
| 1979 | 3 | 338.13 | 0.1531 |
| 1979 | 4 | 338.96 | -0.3322 |
| 1979 | 5 | 339.02 | -0.0461 |
| 1979 | 6 | 339.20 | 0.0193 |
| 1979 | 7 | 337.60 | -0.0278 |
| 1979 | 8 | 335.56 | 0.0122 |
| 1979 | 9 | 333.93 | 0.0425 |
| 1979 | 10 | 334.12 | 0.2055 |
| 1979 | 11 | 335.26 | 0.0989 |
| 1979 | 12 | 336.78 | 0.8051 |
| 1980 | 1 | 337.80 | 0.0259 |
| 1980 | 2 | 338.28 | 0.2371 |
| 1980 | 3 | 340.04 | -0.1357 |
| 1980 | 4 | 340.86 | 0.3261 |
| 1980 | 5 | 341.47 | 0.3368 |
| 1980 | 6 | 341.26 | 0.1343 |
| 1980 | 7 | 339.34 | 0.0564 |
| 1980 | 8 | 337.45 | 0.0622 |
| 1980 | 9 | 336.10 | 0.0401 |
| 1980 | 10 | 336.05 | 0.0791 |
| 1980 | 11 | 337.21 | 0.5066 |
| 1980 | 12 | 338.29 | 0.2235 |
| 1981 | 1 | 339.36 | 0.9474 |
| 1981 | 2 | 340.51 | 0.6748 |
| 1981 | 3 | 341.57 | 0.7587 |
| 1981 | 4 | 342.56 | 0.6037 |
| 1981 | 5 | 343.01 | 0.2076 |
| 1981 | 6 | 342.52 | 0.1699 |
| 1981 | 7 | 340.71 | 0.0659 |
| 1981 | 8 | 338.51 | 0.2221 |
| 1981 | 9 | 336.96 | 0.0563 |
| 1981 | 10 | 337.13 | -0.0501 |
| 1981 | 11 | 338.58 | 0.1089 |
| 1981 | 12 | 339.91 | 0.7257 |
| 1982 | 1 | 340.92 | -0.2691 |
| 1982 | 2 | 341.69 | -0.0455 |
| 1982 | 3 | 342.87 | -0.2562 |
| 1982 | 4 | 343.83 | 0.201 |
| 1982 | 5 | 344.30 | 0.0045 |
| 1982 | 6 | 343.42 | -0.1456 |
| 1982 | 7 | 341.85 | 0.0664 |
| 1982 | 8 | 339.82 | -0.0024 |
| 1982 | 9 | 337.98 | 0.0915 |
| 1982 | 10 | 338.09 | -0.1751 |
| 1982 | 11 | 339.24 | -0.3022 |
| 1982 | 12 | 340.67 | 0.6082 |
| 1983 | 1 | 341.42 | 0.7218 |
| 1983 | 2 | 342.67 | 0.6997 |
| 1983 | 3 | 343.45 | 0.4865 |
| 1983 | 4 | 345.08 | 0.1292 |
| 1983 | 5 | 345.75 | 0.1805 |
| 1983 | 6 | 345.32 | 0.0024 |
| 1983 | 7 | 343.93 | 0.2378 |
| 1983 | 8 | 342.08 | 0.3919 |
| 1983 | 9 | 340.00 | 0.355 |
| 1983 | 10 | 340.12 | 0.132 |
| 1983 | 11 | 341.35 | 0.8854 |
| 1983 | 12 | 342.89 | 0.24 |
| 1984 | 1 | 343.87 | 0.2352 |
| 1984 | 2 | 344.59 | -0.1784 |
| 1984 | 3 | 345.29 | 0.249 |
| 1984 | 4 | 346.58 | -0.0471 |
| 1984 | 5 | 347.36 | 0.4211 |
| 1984 | 6 | 346.80 | -0.0016 |
| 1984 | 7 | 345.37 | -0.043 |
| 1984 | 8 | 343.06 | 0.0157 |
| 1984 | 9 | 341.24 | -0.23 |
| 1984 | 10 | 341.54 | -0.0441 |
| 1984 | 11 | 342.90 | -0.3642 |
| 1984 | 12 | 344.36 | -0.8423 |
| 1985 | 1 | 345.08 | 0.0554 |
| 1985 | 2 | 345.89 | -0.5592 |
| 1985 | 3 | 347.49 | 0.1491 |
| 1985 | 4 | 348.02 | 0.16 |
| 1985 | 5 | 348.75 | 0.1833 |
| 1985 | 6 | 348.19 | -0.032 |
| 1985 | 7 | 346.49 | -0.2207 |
| 1985 | 8 | 344.70 | 0.0514 |
| 1985 | 9 | 343.04 | -0.1818 |
| 1985 | 10 | 342.92 | -0.0662 |
| 1985 | 11 | 344.22 | -0.1281 |
| 1985 | 12 | 345.61 | 0.0231 |
| 1986 | 1 | 346.42 | 0.6008 |
| 1986 | 2 | 346.95 | 0.3348 |
| 1986 | 3 | 347.88 | 0.4688 |
| 1986 | 4 | 349.57 | 0.3585 |
| 1986 | 5 | 350.35 | 0.2743 |
| 1986 | 6 | 349.70 | 0.2281 |
| 1986 | 7 | 347.78 | -0.0223 |
| 1986 | 8 | 345.89 | 0.0103 |
| 1986 | 9 | 344.88 | -0.1048 |
| 1986 | 10 | 344.34 | -0.065 |
| 1986 | 11 | 345.67 | -0.1281 |
| 1986 | 12 | 346.89 | 0.0178 |
| 1987 | 1 | 348.20 | 0.2867 |
| 1987 | 2 | 348.55 | 0.9998 |
| 1987 | 3 | 349.56 | -0.063 |
| 1987 | 4 | 351.12 | 0.1949 |
| 1987 | 5 | 351.84 | 0.2893 |
| 1987 | 6 | 351.45 | 0.1506 |
| 1987 | 7 | 349.77 | 0.4442 |
| 1987 | 8 | 347.62 | 0.2268 |
| 1987 | 9 | 346.37 | 0.3286 |
| 1987 | 10 | 346.48 | 0.0034 |
| 1987 | 11 | 347.80 | -0.0566 |
| 1987 | 12 | 349.03 | 0.7507 |
| 1988 | 1 | 350.23 | 0.6521 |
| 1988 | 2 | 351.58 | 0.1268 |
| 1988 | 3 | 352.22 | 0.5513 |
| 1988 | 4 | 353.53 | 0.5339 |
| 1988 | 5 | 354.14 | 0.3773 |
| 1988 | 6 | 353.64 | 0.5172 |
| 1988 | 7 | 352.53 | 0.3863 |
| 1988 | 8 | 350.42 | 0.2976 |
| 1988 | 9 | 348.84 | 0.3314 |
| 1988 | 10 | 348.94 | 0.2849 |
| 1988 | 11 | 349.99 | 0.2583 |
| 1988 | 12 | 351.29 | 0.7176 |
| 1989 | 1 | 352.72 | 0.0749 |
| 1989 | 2 | 353.10 | 0.4025 |
| 1989 | 3 | 353.64 | 0.545 |
| 1989 | 4 | 355.43 | 0.2128 |
| 1989 | 5 | 355.70 | 0.2471 |
| 1989 | 6 | 355.11 | 0.1546 |
| 1989 | 7 | 353.79 | 0.1506 |
| 1989 | 8 | 351.42 | 0.1342 |
| 1989 | 9 | 349.83 | 0.125 |
| 1989 | 10 | 350.10 | 0.2278 |
| 1989 | 11 | 351.26 | 0.0403 |
| 1989 | 12 | 352.66 | 0.5571 |
| 1990 | 1 | 353.63 | 0.4546 |
| 1990 | 2 | 354.72 | 0.4863 |
| 1990 | 3 | 355.49 | 1.5448 |
| 1990 | 4 | 356.10 | 0.7241 |
| 1990 | 5 | 357.08 | 0.4589 |
| 1990 | 6 | 356.11 | 0.4387 |
| 1990 | 7 | 354.67 | 0.1212 |
| 1990 | 8 | 352.67 | 0.2726 |
| 1990 | 9 | 351.05 | 0.2064 |
| 1990 | 10 | 351.36 | 0.4694 |
| 1990 | 11 | 352.81 | 0.8232 |
| 1990 | 12 | 354.21 | 0.5801 |
| 1991 | 1 | 354.87 | 0.5752 |
| 1991 | 2 | 355.67 | 0.6979 |
| 1991 | 3 | 357.00 | 0.2205 |
| 1991 | 4 | 358.40 | 0.7247 |
| 1991 | 5 | 359.00 | 0.4027 |
| 1991 | 6 | 357.99 | 0.5381 |
| 1991 | 7 | 355.96 | 0.381 |
| 1991 | 8 | 353.78 | 0.2786 |
| 1991 | 9 | 352.20 | 0.3981 |
| 1991 | 10 | 352.22 | 0.3244 |
| 1991 | 11 | 353.70 | 0.2651 |
| 1991 | 12 | 354.98 | 0.1071 |
| 1992 | 1 | 356.08 | 0.8782 |
| 1992 | 2 | 356.84 | 0.7484 |
| 1992 | 3 | 357.73 | 0.5765 |
| 1992 | 4 | 358.91 | 0.1355 |
| 1992 | 5 | 359.45 | 0.2191 |
| 1992 | 6 | 359.19 | 0.0714 |
| 1992 | 7 | 356.72 | -0.2338 |
| 1992 | 8 | 354.77 | -0.1706 |
| 1992 | 9 | 352.80 | -0.3281 |
| 1992 | 10 | 353.21 | -0.1836 |
| 1992 | 11 | 354.15 | -0.2989 |
| 1992 | 12 | 355.39 | 0.4297 |
| 1993 | 1 | 356.76 | 0.6093 |
| 1993 | 2 | 357.17 | 0.5607 |
| 1993 | 3 | 358.26 | 0.7216 |
| 1993 | 4 | 359.17 | 0.3064 |
| 1993 | 5 | 360.07 | 0.2518 |
| 1993 | 6 | 359.41 | 0.1799 |
| 1993 | 7 | 357.36 | 0.1058 |
| 1993 | 8 | 355.29 | 0.0707 |
| 1993 | 9 | 353.96 | -0.1177 |
| 1993 | 10 | 354.03 | 0.1529 |
| 1993 | 11 | 355.27 | -0.3217 |
| 1993 | 12 | 356.70 | 0.2037 |
| 1994 | 1 | 358.05 | 0.332 |
| 1994 | 2 | 358.80 | -0.4335 |
| 1994 | 3 | 359.67 | 0.562 |
| 1994 | 4 | 361.13 | 0.5205 |
| 1994 | 5 | 361.48 | 0.5228 |
| 1994 | 6 | 360.60 | 0.481 |
| 1994 | 7 | 359.20 | 0.2591 |
| 1994 | 8 | 357.23 | 0.1928 |
| 1994 | 9 | 355.42 | 0.3041 |
| 1994 | 10 | 355.89 | 0.5679 |
| 1994 | 11 | 357.41 | 0.6249 |
| 1994 | 12 | 358.74 | 0.3834 |
| 1995 | 1 | 359.73 | 0.961 |
| 1995 | 2 | 360.61 | 1.5627 |
| 1995 | 3 | 361.60 | 0.7013 |
| 1995 | 4 | 363.05 | 0.4815 |
| 1995 | 5 | 363.62 | 0.1461 |
| 1995 | 6 | 363.03 | 0.612 |
| 1995 | 7 | 361.55 | 0.398 |
| 1995 | 8 | 358.94 | 0.7116 |
| 1995 | 9 | 357.93 | 0.543 |
| 1995 | 10 | 357.80 | 0.6538 |
| 1995 | 11 | 359.22 | 0.6563 |
| 1995 | 12 | 360.42 | 0.4102 |
| 1996 | 1 | 361.83 | 0.1212 |
| 1996 | 2 | 362.94 | 0.6105 |
| 1996 | 3 | 363.91 | 0.1794 |
| 1996 | 4 | 364.28 | 0.0153 |
| 1996 | 5 | 364.93 | 0.4294 |
| 1996 | 6 | 364.70 | 0.2485 |
| 1996 | 7 | 363.31 | 0.2567 |
| 1996 | 8 | 361.15 | 0.1505 |
| 1996 | 9 | 359.41 | 0.033 |
| 1996 | 10 | 359.34 | 0.0505 |
| 1996 | 11 | 360.62 | 0.0891 |
| 1996 | 12 | 361.96 | 0.4369 |
| 1997 | 1 | 362.81 | 0.5041 |
| 1997 | 2 | 363.87 | 0.6499 |
| 1997 | 3 | 364.25 | 0.646 |
| 1997 | 4 | 366.02 | 0.6172 |
| 1997 | 5 | 366.47 | 0.3595 |
| 1997 | 6 | 365.36 | 0.5463 |
| 1997 | 7 | 364.10 | 0.4441 |
| 1997 | 8 | 361.89 | 0.4924 |
| 1997 | 9 | 360.05 | 0.6951 |
| 1997 | 10 | 360.49 | 0.7297 |
| 1997 | 11 | 362.21 | 0.3787 |
| 1997 | 12 | 364.12 | 0.6382 |
| 1998 | 1 | 365.00 | 0.5809 |
| 1998 | 2 | 365.82 | 1.5542 |
| 1998 | 3 | 366.95 | 0.7554 |
| 1998 | 4 | 368.42 | 1.1149 |
| 1998 | 5 | 369.33 | 0.8132 |
| 1998 | 6 | 368.78 | 0.8026 |
| 1998 | 7 | 367.59 | 1.0165 |
| 1998 | 8 | 365.81 | 0.9464 |
| 1998 | 9 | 363.83 | 0.6719 |
| 1998 | 10 | 364.18 | 0.5791 |
| 1998 | 11 | 365.36 | 0.2204 |
| 1998 | 12 | 366.87 | 0.9299 |
| 1999 | 1 | 367.97 | 0.8632 |
| 1999 | 2 | 368.83 | 1.5476 |
| 1999 | 3 | 369.46 | 0.1695 |
| 1999 | 4 | 370.77 | 0.7001 |
| 1999 | 5 | 370.66 | 0.5458 |
| 1999 | 6 | 370.10 | 0.5277 |
| 1999 | 7 | 369.10 | 0.5408 |
| 1999 | 8 | 366.70 | 0.4286 |
| 1999 | 9 | 364.61 | 0.5077 |
| 1999 | 10 | 365.17 | 0.5678 |
| 1999 | 11 | 366.51 | 0.4941 |
| 1999 | 12 | 367.85 | 1.2189 |
| 2000 | 1 | 369.06 | 0.357 |
| 2000 | 2 | 369.32 | 0.9666 |
| 2000 | 3 | 370.38 | 0.9765 |
| 2000 | 4 | 371.63 | 1.2968 |
| 2000 | 5 | 371.32 | 0.703 |
| 2000 | 6 | 371.51 | 0.5378 |
| 2000 | 7 | 369.69 | 0.4332 |
| 2000 | 8 | 368.18 | 0.5663 |
| 2000 | 9 | 366.87 | 0.3954 |
| 2000 | 10 | 366.94 | 0.0531 |
| 2000 | 11 | 368.27 | -0.1597 |
| 2000 | 12 | 369.62 | 0.0837 |
| 2001 | 1 | 370.47 | 0.6605 |
| 2001 | 2 | 371.44 | 0.3977 |
| 2001 | 3 | 372.39 | 1.0747 |
| 2001 | 4 | 373.32 | 0.7978 |
| 2001 | 5 | 373.77 | 0.8244 |
| 2001 | 6 | 373.13 | 0.6604 |
| 2001 | 7 | 371.51 | 0.6328 |
| 2001 | 8 | 369.59 | 0.8298 |
| 2001 | 9 | 368.12 | 0.5131 |
| 2001 | 10 | 368.38 | 0.5209 |
| 2001 | 11 | 369.64 | 1.2027 |
| 2001 | 12 | 371.11 | 0.5301 |
| 2002 | 1 | 372.38 | 1.2617 |
| 2002 | 2 | 373.08 | 1.5943 |
| 2002 | 3 | 373.87 | 1.3846 |
| 2002 | 4 | 374.93 | 0.6599 |
| 2002 | 5 | 375.58 | 0.6211 |
| 2002 | 6 | 375.44 | 0.7305 |
| 2002 | 7 | 373.91 | 0.8873 |
| 2002 | 8 | 371.77 | 0.657 |
| 2002 | 9 | 370.72 | 0.6877 |
| 2002 | 10 | 370.50 | 0.4167 |
| 2002 | 11 | 372.19 | 0.8583 |
| 2002 | 12 | 373.71 | 0.2117 |
| 2003 | 1 | 374.92 | 1.1114 |
| 2003 | 2 | 375.63 | 0.7594 |
| 2003 | 3 | 376.51 | 0.6436 |
| 2003 | 4 | 377.75 | 0.6074 |
| 2003 | 5 | 378.54 | 0.7857 |
| 2003 | 6 | 378.21 | 0.5786 |
| 2003 | 7 | 376.65 | 0.513 |
| 2003 | 8 | 374.28 | 0.6685 |
| 2003 | 9 | 373.12 | 0.71 |
| 2003 | 10 | 373.10 | 1.0474 |
| 2003 | 11 | 374.67 | 0.5656 |
| 2003 | 12 | 375.97 | 1.2647 |
| 2004 | 1 | 377.03 | 0.7505 |
| 2004 | 2 | 377.87 | 1.1674 |
| 2004 | 3 | 378.88 | 1.1106 |
| 2004 | 4 | 380.42 | 0.7613 |
| 2004 | 5 | 380.62 | 0.3739 |
| 2004 | 6 | 379.66 | 0.5105 |
| 2004 | 7 | 377.48 | 0.369 |
| 2004 | 8 | 376.07 | 0.3828 |
| 2004 | 9 | 374.10 | 0.4737 |
| 2004 | 10 | 374.47 | 0.7246 |
| 2004 | 11 | 376.15 | 1.3407 |
| 2004 | 12 | 377.51 | 0.528 |
| 2005 | 1 | 378.43 | 0.857 |
| 2005 | 2 | 379.70 | 0.5041 |
| 2005 | 3 | 380.91 | 1.2034 |
| 2005 | 4 | 382.20 | 1.2014 |
| 2005 | 5 | 382.45 | 0.9008 |
| 2005 | 6 | 382.14 | 0.945 |
| 2005 | 7 | 380.60 | 0.8727 |
| 2005 | 8 | 378.60 | 0.6434 |
| 2005 | 9 | 376.72 | 1.0148 |
| 2005 | 10 | 376.98 | 1.0737 |
| 2005 | 11 | 378.29 | 1.3144 |
| 2005 | 12 | 380.07 | 0.9385 |
| 2006 | 1 | 381.37 | 0.4432 |
| 2006 | 2 | 382.19 | 0.9951 |
| 2006 | 3 | 382.65 | 0.9394 |
| 2006 | 4 | 384.65 | 0.5907 |
| 2006 | 5 | 384.94 | 0.5311 |
| 2006 | 6 | 384.01 | 0.9113 |
| 2006 | 7 | 382.15 | 0.8128 |
| 2006 | 8 | 380.33 | 0.7302 |
| 2006 | 9 | 378.81 | 0.7762 |
| 2006 | 10 | 379.06 | 0.9654 |
| 2006 | 11 | 380.17 | 0.7725 |
| 2006 | 12 | 381.85 | 1.3256 |
| 2007 | 1 | 382.89 | 1.7419 |
| 2007 | 2 | 383.77 | 1.0124 |
| 2007 | 3 | 384.42 | 1.1086 |
| 2007 | 4 | 386.36 | 1.4141 |
| 2007 | 5 | 386.53 | 0.8479 |
| 2007 | 6 | 386.01 | 0.6052 |
| 2007 | 7 | 384.45 | 0.6464 |
| 2007 | 8 | 381.96 | 0.754 |
| 2007 | 9 | 380.81 | 0.896 |
| 2007 | 10 | 381.09 | 0.9212 |
| 2007 | 11 | 382.37 | 0.9603 |
| 2007 | 12 | 383.84 | 0.8604 |
| 2008 | 1 | 385.42 | 0.0799 |
| 2008 | 2 | 385.72 | 0.5702 |
| 2008 | 3 | 385.96 | 1.8292 |
| 2008 | 4 | 387.18 | 0.7267 |
| 2008 | 5 | 388.50 | 0.6567 |
| 2008 | 6 | 387.88 | 0.6959 |
| 2008 | 7 | 386.38 | 0.7242 |
| 2008 | 8 | 384.15 | 0.6168 |
| 2008 | 9 | 383.07 | 0.5152 |
| 2008 | 10 | 382.98 | 1.0476 |
| 2008 | 11 | 384.11 | 1.1579 |
| 2008 | 12 | 385.54 | 0.7052 |
| 2009 | 1 | 386.92 | 0.8786 |
| 2009 | 2 | 387.41 | 0.869 |
| 2009 | 3 | 388.77 | 0.8629 |
| 2009 | 4 | 389.46 | 1.0249 |
| 2009 | 5 | 390.18 | 0.6754 |
| 2009 | 6 | 389.43 | 0.7006 |
| 2009 | 7 | 387.74 | 0.529 |
| 2009 | 8 | 385.91 | 0.7385 |
| 2009 | 9 | 384.77 | 0.9657 |
| 2009 | 10 | 384.38 | 0.7986 |
| 2009 | 11 | 385.99 | 0.8122 |
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Nature Of Mathematics
Authors: Karl J. Smith
13th Edition
9781133947257
