0. Hopl-12 no significant difference Hopl> p2 Acupunture reduces pain intensity on average a = 0.05 and critical value t(0.05,11) = 1.796 Mean difference is 47/12 = 3.92 5D = 6.20 t-test 3.92/6.20/v2.19 Since 2.19 is more than the critical value of 1.796 then we reject the null hypothesis. There is suggicient evidence to conclude that acupuncture reduces pain intensity on average at 95% level