$1-26$ Young Company has a $7$ percent annual interest rate on its bank loan which the

company is in the process of repaying. The loan currently has a principal balance

of $$15$ million. Young Company provides financial statements to the bank in order

to meet the bank's loan requirements. Young prepares its financial statements with

some help from a local CPA, who provides advice in preparing journal entries and

closing the books. Young Company approached several other banks and found two

that were willing to offer loans at competitive rates. Country Valley Bank offers

a $6$ percent annual interest rate for small businesses that involve a CPA in helping

prepare their financial statements. Community Bank offers a $4\mathrm{.}5$ percent rate on its

loan but would require that Young Company have its financial statements separately

audited by an independent CPA firm each year to get that lower rate. Young Company

reached out to a local CPA firm and received an estimate of $$145,000$ annually to

provide an independent audit opinion on Young's financial statements each year.

a$.$ Using your understanding of the steps in the audit process described in Chapter $1,$

describe why Community Bank is willing to offer a lower interest rate to Young

Company if it receives an audit of its financial statements.

b$.$ Calculate the annual costs of the loan for Young Company under each loan sce$-$

nario. Be sure to include the costs of interest and of hiring the CPA or CPA firm.

Use these analyses to justify your recommendation as to whether Young Com$-$

pany should keep its current loan or accept one of the new loan offers.

c$.$ Assume Young Company accepts the loan offer from Community Bank and hires

a CPA firm to perform a financial statement audit. As part of auditing Young's

financial statements, an audit requires that the auditor obtain an understanding

of the entity's internal control over financial reporting. Why might Community

Bank be interested in the work conducted by auditors in this phase of the audit?

d$.$ Now assume Young Company does not have an option to refinance its loan, given

its agreement with its current bank. Is there any reason Young Company might

still choose to have its financial statements audited by a CPA firm?