$16.$ For a small business with simple networks, network management may mean an occasional visit by a trained technician to handle a particular problem, make sure the networks are running properly, or install some upgrades.

$17.$ PDNs are publicly owned and operated WANs that provide public access and charge

fees for connection services.

$18.$ The networks we are concerned with managing are corporate networks and their connections to public data networks $($PDNs$).$

$19.$ An organization$$s own internal networks routinely comprise multiple LANs interconnected by internal routers.

$20.$ Intranets that have internal connections reside behind the corporate firewalls and are

accessible only to authorized employees.

$21.$ A company may set up an extranet between itself and key suppliers to automate order$/$re$-$order inventory processing.

$22.$ Later, as outdated systems were replaced, compatibility was kept in mind, so the task load shifted to keeping complex interrelated systems running smoothly.

$23.$ Companies that installed them soon learned that simplification often was a myth$.$ The NMSs were not necessarily compatible with all the corporate equipment and the $($proprietary$)$ monitoring devices they contained, and they were complicated to master.

$24.$ The systems administrator

a$.$ is responsible for password assignment and management of user accounts.

b$.$ is responsible for performance tuning.

c$.$ is responsible for network design and configuration.

d$.$ is responsible for software licensing and acquisition.

$25.$ Network management

a$.$ needs to keep networks trim and fit and avoid unneeded interconnections.

b$.$ need to configure unused ports to reduce intrusion risk.

c$.$ must consider merging LANs as traffic patterns emerge.

d$.$ must unbalance connectivity needs with options for providing for those needs.

$26.$ Simple network management protocol $($SNMP$)$

a$.$ is not a product of IETF.

b$.$ is more difficult to understand than CMIP.

c$.$ is an OSI layer $7$ protocol.

d$.$ is a TCP$/$IP layer $5$ protocol.

$27.$ Management information bases $($MIBs$)$

a$.$ are a collection of information types called objects.

b$.$ was published in $1991$ as MIB$3.$

c$.$ are not defined in SMI.

d$.$ are not provided by device manufacturers.

$28.$ Remote monitoring $($RMON$)$

a$.$ is a protocol that is an extension of CMIP.

b$.$ is required by devices on other attached networks.

c$.$ does not define statistics that can be passed between managers and remote devices.

d$.$ have functions that can be deactivated for control purposes.

$29.$ Managed objects $($MO$)$

a$.$ is another name for managed$-$addressable and manageable network equipment running management modules utilizing MIBs.

b$.$ manages one or more types of NEs.

c$.$ are the information types that managed devices collect and respond to$.$

d$.$ issues commands to NEs and perform diagnostics.