1. A biologist believes the number of pups per wolf dens in south western United States is now less than 6 (in the past the average number of pups per wolf den has been 6). A study is conducted and the number of pups in wolf dens in the south western United States is recorded below for 16 wolf dens. 5 8 5 8 7 5 6 5 7 9 3 5 4 3 4 6 Note: ? x = 90 ? x^2 = 554 Can you conclude the biologist is correct? Test at ? = 0.05.

2. As people age they begin to experience hearing loss. A study was done to determine the 'comfort level' of sound for people of different ages. The data are given below: