1. A forensic scientist assigns a likelihood ratio of 50 to her results. Which of the following statements correctly explains what this likelihood ratio of 50 means?

a. These results indicate that it is 50 times more probable that the prosecution's proposition is true than that the defense's proposition is true.

b. It is 50 times more probable to obtain these results if the prosecution's proposition is true than if the defense's proposition is true.

c. The prosecution's proposition is 50 times more probable to be true than the defense's proposition.

d. It is 50 times more probable that the prosecution's proposition is true than that the defense's proposition is true.

e. All of the above are correct explanations.

2. During the night there is a hit and run car accident involving a taxi as the perpetrator. There are two taxi companies in this city: the Go Green taxis and the Busy Blue taxis. The Go Green taxis all have green cars and the Busy Blue taxis all have blue cars. A witness on the side-walk identifies the taxi as a blue taxi. A study shows that a person correctly identifies the color of these taxis at night time 85% of the time (i.e., the probability of a person identifying the color as blue when it actually is blue is 0.85, and the probability of a person identifying the color as blue when it is actually green is 0.15).

What likelihood ratio do you assign to the witness's observations with regard to the following pair of propositions?

H _B : The taxi of the hit and run car accident is from the Busy Blue taxi company.

H _G : The taxi of the hit and run car accident is from the Go Green taxi company.

a. 5.67

b. 0.1275

c. 0.70

d. 0.1765

e.12.75