1. A histogram may be used to display:

Group of answer choices

discharges by age.

discharges by third-party payer.

discharges by service.

discharges by sex.

2. You want to display the number of discharges by sex and service for 2019. The best choice is to use a:

Group of answer choices

bar chart.

cluster line graph.

histogram.

line graph.

3. You are conducting a study in which sex is the property of interest. The variable sex falls upon which of the following scales of measurement?

Group of answer choices

Nominal

Ordinal

Ratio

Interval

4. If population parameters are known, and the sample is sufficiently large, which of the following tests would be most appropriate to test the difference between two population proportions?

Group of answer choices

Paired t-test

One-tailed test

T-test for two independent samples

Z-test for two population proportions

5. The lengths of stay (LOS) for DRG 123 were standardized so that comparison could be made across hospitals. What percentage of the lengths of stay would have a z value greater than or equal to 1.00?

Group of answer choices

32%

16%

8%

4%

6.A condition that is fundamental to statistical inference is:

Group of answer choices

random sampling.

that the population is normally distributed.

that the mean of the population is known.

AandB above

All of the above

7. We have drawn a simple random sample of 100 patients who were discharged from a critical care hospital in January. Of all the patients discharged during January, 55% were women and 45% were men. To match the population, our sample should contain:

Group of answer choices

45 men and 55 women.

50 men and 50 women.

55 men and 45 women.

The ratio of men to women in the sample size is not important.

8. Which of the following is not needed to transform a score to a z score?

Group of answer choices

Mean

Variance

Raw score

Standard deviation

9. We are conducting a Spearman rho in which we are evaluating the relationship between smoking and severity of illness. There are 15 patients in our study. The number of degrees of freedom for the Spearman rho is:

Group of answer choices

15.

14.

13.

Not enough information provided

10. Describe at least two differences between incidence and prevalence rates.

11. what are at leastthree points that should be considered when constructing a bar chart?

12.Compare and contrast the following measures of reliability in your own words: stability, internal consistency, and inter-rater agreement.

13. explain the difference between a population parameter and a sample statistic.

14. what Type I and Type II errors are. What factors contribute to making either a Type I or Type II error?

15. what assumptions must be met when using z and t for hypothesis testing? Also, why are these assumptions not always strictly followed?

16. To conduct the ANOVA procedure, the dependent variable must fall upon which scale of measurement? The grouping variable or independent variable falls upon which scale of measurement?

17. Explain simple linear regression and multiple regression. Give an example for each.

18. Compare and contrast, the various phases of clinical trials.