1. A publication reported results for a nationwide random sample of grade 8, grade 10, and grade 12 students. The percentage who reported that they had used the drug Ecstasy was 11.7% of 12800 grade 12 students sampled this year and 6.1% of 14300 grade 12 students from five years ago.

a) Are these independent samples, or dependent samples? Explain. (2 marks)

b) Conduct the appropriate significance test to determine if there is a significant difference in the population proportions between this year's grade 12 students who had reported that they had used the drug Ecstasy and the grade 12 students from five years ago who had reported that they had used the drug Ecstasy. i) State and check the assumptions of the significance test. ii) State the null and alternative hypotheses. iii) Calculate the test statistic. iv) Determine the p-value. v) State your conclusion. Interpret.