1. A real-world difficulty of applying utilitarianism is that:

a. Some benefits, such as the enjoyment of privacy, are difficult to quantify

b. It can be difficult to measure utility

c. It can be difficult to identify all stakeholders affected by a decision

d. All of the above

2. Which philosophical theory best reflects achieving the least overall harm for members of society:

a. Emanuel Kant

b. Utilitarianism, but not necessarily consequentialism

c. Deontology

d. Consequentialism, but not necessarily utilitarianism