1. All else equal, the relatively lower the marginal costs of alternatives, the relatively ___ the social savings of railroads. A. higher B. lower 2. In the antebellum US, river transportation was less expensive for freight headed ___. A. downstream B. Upstream 3. The most profitable canal was likely the: A. National Pike. B. Ohio-Erie Canal. C. Chesapeake-Ohio Canal. D. Erie Canal. 4. In the 19th century, as transportation costs ___, New England farmland because relatively ___ valuable relative to Midwestern farmland. A. fell; less B. rose; less C. fell; more D. rose; more 5. In the United States, the number of patents per person was highest during which of the following periods, compared with the others? A. 1820-1850 B. 1950-1970 C. 1910-1930